2024新课标I卷 A
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance.Please review the List of available Projects and fill out the Group project request Form.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
Bring your completed volunteer agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed.
We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills(满足) community service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
TimeMeeting Location
Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00am-1:00pmBattery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan22 10:00am-2:30pmStinson Beach parking Lot
Sunday, Jan29 9:30am-2:30pmCoyote Ridge Trailhead
21.What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team?
A.To discover mineral resources.
B.To develop new wildlife parks.
C.To protect the local ecosystem.
D.To conduct biological research.
22.What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team?
A.5.B.10.C.15.D.18.
23.What are the volunteers expected to do?
A.Bring their own tools.
B.Work even in bad weather.
C.Wear a team uniform.
D.Do at least three projects.
答案解析：
21. 答案：C
解析：文章第一段提到"Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys."，说明栖息地恢复团队的目标是恢复敏感资源并保护濒危物种，这与保护当地生态系统的选项C相符。
22. 答案：B
解析：文章在"AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING"部分提到"Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome."，说明加入栖息地恢复团队的最低年龄限制是10岁。
23. 答案：B
解析：文章在"We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty."部分提到无论晴雨，志愿者们都需要工作，这与选项B(即使在恶劣天气下也要工作)相符。其他选项A(带自己的工具)、C(穿团队制服)和D(至少做三个项目)在文章中没有提及。虽然提到了提供工具和培训，但并没有要求志愿者自带工具，因此A不正确。C和D选项在文中没有提及，所以也不正确。
2024新课标I卷 B
“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture(针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh. He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic(按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado state University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, "moves more easily and rides more comfortably" after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical association has grown from 30 to over 700. "Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well," he says. "I will do anything to help an animal. That's my job."
24. What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him?
A. He's odd.
B. He's strict.
C. He's brave.
D. He's rude.
25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?
A. He was trained in it at university.
B. He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C. He benefited from it as a patient.
D. He wanted to save money for pet owners.
26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B. The complexity of veterinarians' work.
C. Examples of rare animal diseases.
D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?
A. To prove Farber's point.
B. To emphasize its importance.
C. To praise veterinarians.
D. To advocate animal protection.
答案解析：
24. 答案：A
解析：文章第一段提到"even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods"，说明一些同事认为他的方法不寻常，可能会觉得他有点奇怪，因此选项A(He's odd.)是正确的。
25. 答案：C
解析：文章第二段提到"Then he tried acupuncture... and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients."，说明法伯自己作为病人体验了针灸并从中受益，这激发了他将这种方法用于宠物，因此选项C(He benefited from it as a patient.)是正确的。
26. 答案：D
解析：第三段通过两个例子(Leigh Tindale的狗Charlie和Priscilla Dewing的马Nappy)来说明整体医学的有效性，因此选项D(The effectiveness of holistic medicine.)是正确的。
27. 答案：A
解析：文章最后一段提到法伯认为整体医学的方法会越来越受欢迎，并且提到美国整体兽医医学协会的会员人数从1982年的30人增长到700多人，这是为了支持法伯的观点，即整体医学正在变得越来越受欢迎，因此选项A(To prove Farber's point.)是正确的。
2024新课标I卷 C
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no.” The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset(心态)and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks - like identifying the main idea in a reading passage - to ones that require mental abstraction - such as drawing inferences from a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called "shallowing hypothesis(假说)." according to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.
Audio(音频)and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies - say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.
28.What does the underlined phrase“shine through”in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Seem unlikely to last.
B.Seem hard to explain.
C.Become ready to use.
D.Become easy to notice.
29.What does the shallowing hypothesis assume?
A.Readers treat digital texts lightly.
B.Digital texts are simpler to understand.
C.People select digital texts randomly.
D.Digital texts are suitable for social media.
30.Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers?
A.They can hold students' attention.
B.They are more convenient to prepare.
C.They help develop advanced skills.
D.They are more informative than text.
31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques.
B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material.
C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.
答案解析：
28. 答案：D
解析：文章第二段中提到的"shine through"意味着纸质阅读的优势在实验者进行更复杂的任务时变得明显，容易被人注意到。因此，选项D(Become easy to notice.)是正确的。
29. 答案：A
解析：文章第四段提到了"shallowing hypothesis"(浅阅读假说)，根据这个理论，人们在阅读数字文本时，会带着一种适合社交媒体的心态，这种心态通常不太严肃，因此在阅读数字文本时投入的精力比阅读纸质文本时要少。选项A(Readers treat digital texts lightly.)与这个假说相符。
30. 答案：A
解析：文章第五段提到，音频和视频感觉比文本更吸引人，因此大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术。这表明教师们认为音频和视频能够更好地吸引学生的注意力。选项A(They can hold students' attention.)与文章内容相符。
31. 答案：C
解析：文章最后一段指出，虽然数字文本、音频和视频在教育中都有作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习效果时，教育者不应假设所有媒体都是相同的。这意味着作者认为在教育资源的选择上，纸质文本不能完全被取代。选项C(Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.)与作者的观点相符。
2024新课标I卷 D
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
"with the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application," said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. "These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?"
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
"We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,"said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?
"Quite a lot,"Daru explained."Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places-and even species-that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image."
32.What do we know about the records of species collected now?
A. They are becoming outdated.
B. They are mostly in electronic form.
C. They are limited in number.
D. They are used for public exhibition.
33.What does Daru's study focus on?
A. Threatened species.
B. Physical specimens.
C. Observational data.
D. Mobile applications.
34. What has led to the biases according to the study?
A. Mistakes in data analysis.
B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C. Improper way of sampling.
D. Unreliable data collection devices.
35. What is Daru's suggestion for biodiversity apps?
A. review data from certain areas.
B. Hire experts to check the records.
C. Confirm the identity of the users.
D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.
答案解析：
32. 答案：B
解析：文章第一段提到，目前大多数生物多样性的记录通常是照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式。选项B(They are mostly in electronic form.)与文章内容相符。
33. 答案：C
解析：文章第二段提到，Daru想要了解这些观察数据是否可用，因为它们被用来研究物种如何应对全球变化。第三段也提到Daru和他的团队测试了这些数据如何很好地代表实际的全球生物多样性模式。选项C(Observational data.)是Daru研究的焦点。
34. 答案：C
解析：文章第四段提到，他们特别感兴趣的是探索倾向于使数据产生偏差的采样方面，比如公民科学家更可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是旁边的草。这表明采样方式的不当导致了数据的偏差。选项C(Improper way of sampling.)与文章内容相符。
35. 答案：D
解析：文章最后一段提到，生物多样性应用程序可以使用他们的研究结果来通知用户过度采样的区域，并引导他们前往采样不足的地方，甚至物种。为了提高观察数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传图像的身份。选项D(Give guidance to citizen scientists.)与Daru的建议相符。
