2019年(全国3卷)
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- 41 six months out of the year.
Of course, we 42 it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a 44 day.”
But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan 47 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central 51 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 52 , Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally 55 . I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57 , the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s 58 residents.
"It's not very 59 ,” she says, "but it is enough when we are 60 .”
41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice
43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
50. A. day B. night C. month D. year
51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting
54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold
55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store
57. A. instead B. however C. Gradually D. Similarly
58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
答案解析：
41. C. nearly
根据文章第一段第一句“The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March—41 six months out of the year.”可知，Rjukan镇在9月末到3月中旬这六个月的时间里没有直接的阳光照射，因此“将近(nearly)”六个月没有阳光。因此，正确答案为C。
42. D. notice
根据文章第二段第一句“Of course，we 42 it when the sun is shining，”可知，当阳光照射时，当然会“注意到(notice)”。因此，正确答案为D。
43. B. blue
根据文章第二段第二句“We see the sky is 43 ，but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a 44 day.”可知，虽然天空是“蓝色的(blue)”，但是山谷里却更暗。因此，正确答案为B。
44. A. cloudy
根据文章第二段第二句“We see the sky is blue，but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a 44 day.”可知，山谷里更暗，就像“阴天(cloudy)”一样。因此，正确答案为A。
45. B. changed
根据文章第二段第三句“But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks into the valley below.”可知，但是这一切在引入高科技系统后发生了“改变(changed)”。因此，正确答案为B。
46. C. mirrors
根据文章第二段第三句“But that changed when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks into the valley below.”可知，这个高科技系统是“镜子(mirrors)”，用来反射阳光。因此，正确答案为C。
47. C. received
根据文章第三段第一句“Wednesday，residents of Rjukan 47 their very first ray of winter sunshine…”可知，Rjukan镇的居民“收到(received)”了第一缕冬天的阳光。因此，正确答案为C。
48. D. use
根据文章第三段第二句“A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48.”可知，这些反射板被“使用(use)”来反射阳光。因此，正确答案为D。
49. B. directs
根据文章第三段第三句“The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather.”可知，这些镜子是由电脑“指挥(directs)”的，使它们随着太阳移动。因此，正确答案为B。
50. A. day
根据文章第三段第三句“The mirrors are controlled by a computer that directs them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather.”可知，这些镜子是由电脑指挥的，使它们随着太阳移动，所以这里指的是“白天(day)”。因此，正确答案为A。
51. C. square
根据文章第三段第四句“They reflect a concentrated beam of light onto the town’s central 51 ，creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.”可知，反射的阳光照在镇中心的“广场(square)”上。因此，正确答案为C。
52. A. appeared
根据文章第三段第五句“When the light 52 ，Rjukan residents gathered together.”可知，当阳光“出现(appeared)”时，Rjukan镇的居民聚集在一起。因此，正确答案为A。
53. D. siting
根据文章第四段第一句“'People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other，' Ro says.”可知，人们在那里“坐着(sitting)”和站着，互相拍照。因此，正确答案为D，注意题目中的“siting”应为“sitting”。
54. A. pictures
根据文章第四段第一句“'People have been sitting there and standing there and taking 54 of each other，' Ro says.”可知，人们在那里坐着和站着，互相“拍照(pictures)”。因此，正确答案为A。
55. B. full
根据文章第四段第二句“I think almost all the people in the town were there.”可知，广场上“挤满了(full)”人。因此，正确答案为B。
56. C. enjoy
根据文章第四段第三句“The 3，500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time.”可知，3500名居民不可能同时“享受(enjoy)”阳光。因此，正确答案为C。
57. B.
“However, the new light feels like more than enough” 表示然而，新的光线感觉足够了，符合语境。
58. D. sun-starved
根据文章第一段第一句“The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March — nearly six months out of the year.”可知，Rjukan镇几乎有六个月没有阳光，所以镇上的居民是“渴望阳光(sun-starved)”的。因此，正确答案为D。
59. A. big
根据文章最后一段第一句“'It’s not very 59 ，' she says，'but it is enough when we are 60 .'”可知，这个阳光装置不是非常“大(big)”，但是对于镇上的居民来说足够了。因此，正确答案为A。
60. D. sharing
根据文章最后一段第一句“'It’s not very big，' she says，'but it is enough when we are 60 .'”可知，当我们“分享(sharing)”阳光时，这个阳光装置就足够了。因此，正确答案为D。
